An extensive survey of the experimental research on the static and/or dynamic characteristics of fixed geometry, hydrodynamic journal bearings, available in English, in the open literature is presented. The type(s) of bearing, size of bearing(s) and range of parameters measured in each work are reported for slightly over 100 published experimental works. In addition, some general observations about the available experimental data sets are made. This annotated survey is intended to help the analytical community by providing an extensive list of sources of experimental data for use in analysis verification. It is intended to help the experimental community by highlighting the shortcomings of the available literature, as well as by providing a list of sources for appropriate data to help with current and future test rig debugging.

Issue Section:
Research Papers
Topics:
Geometry, Journal bearings, Bearings
1.
Andrisano
A. O.
,
1988
, “
An Experimental Investigation on the Rotating Journal Surface Temperature Distribution in a Full Circular Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
110
, pp.
638
–
645
.
2.
Asanabe, S., Akahoshi, M., and Asai. R., 1971, “Theoretical and Experimental Investigation on Misaligned Journal Bearing Performance,” Instn. of Mech. Engrs. Tribology Conv., pp. 1–8.
3.
ASME/ANSI, 1986, Measurement Uncertainty, ANSI/ASME PTC 19.1-1985 Part 1.
4.
Basri, H., and Neal, P. B., 1990, “Oil Flow in Axial Groove Journal Bearings,” Developments in Plain Bearings for the 90’s, I Mech E, London, pp. 11–17.
5.
Black
H. F.
, and
Walton
M. H.
,
1974
, “
Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of a Short 360° Journal Bearing in the Transition Superlaminar Regime
,”
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science
, Vol.
16
, pp.
286
–
297
.
6.
Booser
E. R.
,
Missana
A.
, and
Ryan
F. D.
,
1971
, “
Performance of Large Steam Turbine Journal Bearings
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
13
, pp.
262
–
268
.
7.
Booser, E. R., Ryan, F. D., and Linkinhoker, C. L., 1970, “Maximum Temperature for Hydrodynamic Bearings Under Steady Load,” Lubrication Engineering, pp. 226–235.
8.
Braun
M. J.
, and
Hendricks
R. C.
,
1984
, “
An Experimental Investigation of the Vaporous/Gaseous Cavity Characteristics of an Eccentric Journal Bearing
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
27
, pp.
1
–
14
.
9.
Brighton
D. K.
,
Hooke
C. J.
, and
O’Donoghue
J. P.
,
1966–67
, “
A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Elastic Distortions on the Performance of Journal Bearings
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
182
, Part 3N, pp.
192
–
200
.
10.
Burton
R. A.
, and
Carper
H. J.
,
1967
, “
An Experimental Study of Annular Flows with Applications in Turbulent Film Lubrication
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
89
, pp.
381
–
391
.
11.
Capone
G.
,
Russo
M.
, and
Russo
R.
,
1992
, “
The Influence of Oil Supply Pressure on the Behavior of a Rigid Symmetrical Balanced Rotor in Journal Bearings with Circumferential Feeding
,”
JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
114
, pp.
812
–
817
.
12.
Chang
C-S
, and
Zheng
P-Y
,
1985
, “
Determination of the Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of Fluid bearings by Means of Step Forces
,”
Tribology International
, Vol.
18
, pp.
81
–
91
.
13.
Cole, J. A., 1957, “An Experimental Investigation of Temperature Effects in Journal Bearings,” Proc. of the Conference on Lubrication and Wear, I. Mech. E., pp. 111–117.
14.
Cole
J. A.
,
Hughes
C. J.
,
1956
, “
Oil Flow and Film Extent in Complete Journal Bearings
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
170
, pp.
499
–
516
.
15.
Derdouri
A.
, and
Carreau
P. J.
,
1989
, “
Non-Newtonian and Thermal Effects in Journal Bearings
,”
Tribology Transactions
, Vol.
32
, pp.
161
–
169
.
16.
Diana, G., Borgese, D., and Dufour, A., 1980, “Experimental and Analytical Research on a Full Scale Turbine Journal Bearing,” Proc. 2nd Conf. on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery, I.Mech.E., pp. 309–314.
17.
Dogan, L., Burdess, J. S., and Hewit, J. R., 1990, “Identification of Journal Bearing Coefficients Using a Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence,” Proc. 2nd International Conf. on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery, I.Mech.E., pp. 277–281.
18.
Dowson
D.
,
Hudson
J. D.
,
Hunter
B.
, and
March
C. N.
,
1966–67
, “
An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal Equilibrium of Steadily Loaded Journal Bearings
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
181
, Part 3B, pp.
70
–
80
.
19.
Dowson
D.
, and
Miranda
A. A. S.
,
1985
, “
The Prediction of Liquid Film Journal Bearing Performance with a Consideration of Lubricant Film Reformation Part 2: Experimental Results
,”
Proceedings of the Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
199
, C2 pp.
103
–
111
.
20.
DuBois, G. B., Mabie, H. H., and Ocvirk, F. W., 1950, NACA Technical Note 2507, NACA.
21.
DuBois, G. B., and Ocvirk, F. W., 1952, NACA Technical Note 2809, NACA.
22.
DuBois, G. B., Ocvirk, F. W., and Wehe, R. L., 1955, NACA Technical Note 3352, NACA.
23.
DuBois
G. B.
,
Ocvirk
F. W.
, and
Wehe
R. L.
,
1957
, “
Properties of Misaligned Journal Bearings
,”
Trans. ASME
, Vol.
79
, pp.
1205
–
1212
.
24.
Duffin
S.
, and
Johnson
B. T.
,
1966-67
, “
Some Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Journal Bearings for Large Turbine-Generator Sets
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
181
, Part 3B, pp.
89
–
97
.
25.
Dyer
D.
, and
Reason
B. R.
,
1976
, “
A Study of Tensile Stresses in a Journal-Bearing Oil Film
,”
Journal of Mechanical Engr. Science
, Vol.
18
, pp.
46
–
52
.
26.
Etsion
L.
, and
Ludwig
L. P.
,
1982
, “
Observation of Pressure Variation in the Cavitation Region of Submerged Journal Bearings
,”
ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology
, Vol.
104
, pp.
157
–
163
.
27.
Ferron
J.
,
Frene
J.
, and
Boncompain
R.
,
1983
, “
A Study of the Thermohydrodynamic Performance of a Plain Journal Bearing Comparison Between Theory and Experiments
,”
ASME Journal of Lubrication Technology
, Vol.
105
, pp.
422
–
428
.
28.
Fitzgerald
M. K.
, and
Neal
P. B.
,
1992
, “
Temperature Distributions and Heat Transfer in Journal Bearings
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
114
, pp.
122
–
130
.
29.
Flack
R. D.
,
Leader
M. E.
, and
Allaire
P. E.
,
1980
, “
An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Pressures in Four-Lobe Bearings
,”
Wear
, Vol.
61
, pp.
233
–
242
.
30.
Flack
R. D.
,
Leader
M. E.
, and
Allaire
P. E.
,
1981
, “
Experimental and Theoretical Pressures in Step Journal Bearings
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
24
, pp.
316
–
322
.
31.
Flack
R. D.
, and
Allaire
P. E.
,
1982
, “
An Experimental and Theoretical Examination of the Static Characteristics of Three-Lobe Bearings
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
25
, pp.
88
–
94
.
32.
Flack
R. D.
,
Kostrzewsky
G. J.
, and
Taylor
D. V.
,
1993
, “
A Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing Test Rig with Dynamic Measurement Capabilities
,”
Tribology Transactions
, Vol.
36
, pp.
497
–
512
.
33.
Freˆne
J.
, and
Godet
M.
,
1974
, “
Plain Journal Bearings Operating Under Vortex Flow Conditions
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
96
, pp.
145
–
150
.
34.
Freˆne, J., and Godet, M., 1975, “Plain Journal Bearings Operating Under Vortex and Turbulent Flow Conditions; Comparison Between Experimental and Theoretical Results,” Superlaminar Flow in Bearings, Proc. of the 2nd Leeds-Lyon Symp. pp. 194–200.
35.
Gardner
W. W.
, and
Ulschmid
J. G.
,
1974
, “
Turbulence Effects in Two Journal Bearing Applications
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
96
, pp.
15
–
21
.
36.
Gardner
W. W.
,
1976
, “
Journal Bearing Operation at Low Sommerfeld Numbers
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
19
, pp.
187
–
194
.
37.
Gethin
D. T.
, and
Medwell
J. O.
,
1985
, “
An Experimental Investigation into the Thermohydrodynamic Behavior of a High Speed Cylindrical Bore Journal Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
107
, pp.
538
–
543
.
38.
Gethin, D. T., Basri, S. B., and Mahdar, M., 1990, “Loading Direction Effects in a Three Lobe Profile Bore Bearing,” Developments in Plain Bearings for the 90’s, I Mech E, London, pp. 33–44.
39.
Glienicke
J.
,
1966–67
, “
Experimental Investigation of the Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of Turbine Bearings and Their Application to Instability Prediction
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
181
, Part 3B, pp.
116
-
129
.
40.
Hagg
A. C.
, and
Sankey
G. O.
,
1956
, “
Some Dynamic Properties of Oil-Film Journal bearings with Reference to the Unbalance Vibration of Rotors
,”
ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics
, Vol.
78
, pp.
302
–
306
.
41.
Hagg
A. C.
, and
Sankey
G. O.
,
1958
, “
Elastic and Damping Properties of Oil-Film Journal Bearings for Application to Unbalance Vibration Calculations
,”
ASME Journal of Applied Mechanics
, Vol.
80
, pp.
141
–
143
.
42.
Harnoy
A.
,
Philippoff
W.
,
1976
, “
Investigation of Elasto-Viscous Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Sleeve Bearing
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
19
, pp.
301
–
308
.
43.
Hashimoto
H.
,
Wada
S.
, and
Tsunoda
H.
,
1984
, “
Performance Characteristics of Elliptical Journal Bearings in Turbulent Flow Regime
,”
Bulletin of JSME
, Vol.
27
, pp.
2265
–
2271
.
44.
Hashimoto
H.
,
Wada
S.
, and
Nojima
K.
,
1986
, “
Performance Characteristics of Worn Journal Bearings in Both laminar and Turbulent Regimes Part I: Steady-State Characteristics
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
29
, pp.
565
–
571
.
45.
Heshmat
H.
, and
Pinkus
O.
,
1985
, “
Performance of Starved Journal Bearings with Oil Ring Lubrication
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
107
, pp.
23
–
31
.
46.
Heshmat
H.
, and
Pinkus
O.
,
1986
, “
Mixing Inlet Temperatures in Hydrodynamic Bearings
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
108
, pp.
231
–
248
.
47.
Hinton
R. E.
, and
Roberts
J. B.
,
1980
, “
The Characteristics of a Statically Loaded Journal Bearing with Superlaminar Flow
,”
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science
, Vol.
22
, pp.
79
–
94
.
48.
Hisa, S., Matsuura, T., and Someya, T., 1980, “Experiments on the Dynamic Characteristics of Large Scale Journal Bearings,” Proc. of the 2nd Conf. on Vibrations In Rotating Machinery, I. Mech. E., pp. 223–230.
49.
Hopf
G.
, and
Schu¨ler
D.
,
1989
, “
Investigations on Large Turbine Bearings Working Under Transition Conditions Between Laminar and Turbulent Flow
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
111
, pp.
628
–
634
.
50.
Huggins
N. J.
,
1966-67
, “
Tests on a 24-in Diameter Journal bearing: Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
181
, Part 3B, pp.
81
–
88
.
51.
Ikeuchi, K., Katsuse, S., Hamamura, K., and Mori, H., 1985, “Effects of Misalignment in Full Journal Bearing with Circumferential Oil Groove,” Proc. of the JSLE International Tribology Conf, pp. 67–72.
52.
Ketola, H. N., and McHugh, J. D., 1967, “Experimental Investigation of Water Lubricated Bearings in the Turbulent Regime,” Bearing and Seal Design In Nuclear Power Industry, ASME, pp. 168–186.
53.
Khonsari
M. M.
,
1987
, “
A Review of Thermal Effects in Hydrodynamic Bearings. Part II: Journal Bearings
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
30
, pp.
26
–
33
.
54.
Kostrzewsky, G. J., Taylor, D. V., and Flack, R. D., 1990, “The Design and Application of a Bearing Test Rig for Dynamic Coefficients,” 3rd International Conf. on Rotordynamics, IFToMM, Lyone, France, pp. 73–77.
55.
Kostrzewsky
G. J.
,
Taylor
D. V.
, and
Flack
R. D.
,
1994
, “
Experimental Determination of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Two-Axial Groove Journal Bearing
,”
Tribology Transactions
, Vol.
37
, pp.
534
–
542
.
56.
Lund
J. W.
, and
Tonnesen
J.
,
1984
, “
An Approximate Analysis of the Temperature Conditions in a Journal Bearing. Part II: Application
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
106
, pp.
237
–
245
.
57.
Majumdar
B. C.
, and
Saha
A. K.
,
1974
, “
Temperature Distribution in Oil Bearings
,”
Wear
, Vol.
28
, pp.
259
–
266
.
58.
Matsumoto, I., Esaki, J., Furukawa, T., and Taniguchi, S., 1990, “Oil Film Vibration Characteristics of Offset-Halves Journal Bearing,” 3rd International Conf. on Rotordynamics, IFToMM, Lyone, France, pp. 105–110.
59.
McKee
S. A.
, and
McKee
D. C.
,
1932
, “
Pressure Distribution in Oil Film of Journal Bearings
,”
Trans. ASME
, Vol.
54
, (RP-54-8), pp.
149
–
165
.
60.
McKee
S. A.
,
White
H. S.
, and
Swindells
J. F.
,
1948
, “
Measurements of Combined Frictional and Thermal Behavior in Journal-Bearing Lubrication
,”
Trans. ASME
, Vol.
70
, pp.
409
–
418
.
61.
McKee
S. A.
, and
White
H. S.
,
1950
, “
Oil Holes and Grooves in Plain Journal Bearings
,”
Trans. ASME
, Vol.
72
, pp.
1025
–
1034
.
62.
McKee
S. A.
,
1952
, “
Oil Flow in Plain Journal Bearings
,”
Trans ASME
, Vol.
74
, pp.
841
–
848
.
63.
Medwell, J. O., and Bowen, E. R., 1975, “Journal Bearings Operating in the Turbulent Regime.” Superlaminar Flow in Bearings, Proc. of the 2nd Leeds-Lyon Symp., pp. 189–193.
64.
Medwell, J. O., and Bunce, J. K., 1979, “The Influence of Bearing Inlet Conditions on Bush Temperature Fields,” Thermal Effects in Tribology, Proc. 6th Leeds-Lyon Symp., pp. 56–64.
65.
Medwell
J. O.
, and
Bowen
E. R.
,
1980
, “
Isotherm Mapping in the Bushes of High Speed Journal Bearings
,”
Wear
, Vol.
63
, pp.
371
–
379
.
66.
Mitchell
J. R.
,
Holmes
R.
, and
Van Ballegooyen
H.
,
1965-66
, “
Experimental Determination of a Bearing Oil-Film Stiffness
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
3k, Vol.
180
, pp.
90
–
96
.
67.
Mitsui
J.
,
Hori
Y.
, and
Tanaka
M.
,
1983
, “
Thermohydrodynamic Analysis of Cooling Effect of Supply Oil in Circular Journal Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
105
, pp.
414
–
421
.
68.
Mitsui
J.
,
Hori
Y.
, and
Tanaka
M.
,
1986
, “
An Experimental Investigation on the Temperature Distribution in Circular Journal Bearings
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
108
, pp.
621
–
627
.
69.
Mitsui
J.
,
1987
, “
A Study of Thermohydrodynamic Lubrication in a Circular Journal Bearing
,”
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, Vol.
20
, pp.
331
–
341
.
70.
Mohammad, Z. Y., and Burdess, J. S., 1990, “Identification of Journal Bearing Stiffness and Damping Coefficient by Extended Kalman Filter,” Proc. 3rd International Conf. on Rotordynamics, IFToMM, Lyone, France, pp. 445–451.
71.
Mori
H.
,
Miyata
S.
,
Abe
Y.
, and
Fujita
Y.
,
1967
, “
Research on Discontinuity of Lubricant Film in Journal Bearings
,”
Bull. JSME
, Vol.
10
, #
42
, pp.
1039
–
1047
.
72.
Morton
P. G.
,
1971
, “
Measurement of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Large Sleeve Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
93
, pp.
143
–
150
.
73.
Morton
P. G.
,
1975
, “
Dynamic Characteristics of Bearings: Measurement Under Operating Conditions
,”
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74.
Morton
P. G.
,
Johnson
J. H.
, and
Walton
M. H.
,
1987
, “
The Influence of Partial Grooving on the Dynamic Characteristics of Hydrodynamic Bearings
,”
GEC Journal of Research
, Vol.
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, pp.
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155
.
75.
Nakai
M.
, and
Okino
N.
,
1976
, “
Tensile Stress in Journal Bearings
,”
Wear
, Vol.
39
, pp.
151
–
159
.
76.
Nica
A. L.
,
1970
, “
Thermal Behavior and Friction in Journal Bearings
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
92
, pp.
373
–
380
.
77.
Nordmann, R., 1975, “Identification of Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of Journal bearings by Means of the Impact Method,” Dynamics of Rotors: Stability and System Identification, O. Mahrenholtz, ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 395–409.
78.
Nordmann, R., and Scho¨llhorn, K., 1990, “Identification of Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of Journal Bearings By Means of the Impact Method,” Proc. 2nd International Conf. on Vibrations in Rotating Machinery, I.Mech.E., pp. 231–238.
79.
O’Donoghue
J. P.
,
Koch
P. R.
, and
Hooke
C. J.
,
1969–70
, “
Approximate Short Bearing Analysis and Experimental Results Obtained Using Plastic Bearing Liners
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
184
, Part 3L, pp.
190
–
196
.
80.
Orcutt
F. K.
, and
Arwas
E. B.
,
1967
, “
The Steady-State and Dynamic Characteristics of a Full Circular and a Partial Arc Bearing in the Laminar and Turbulent Flow Regimes
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
89
, pp.
143
–
153
.
81.
Parkins
D. W.
,
1979
, “
Theoretical and Experimental Determination of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
101
, pp.
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–
139
.
82.
Parkins
D. W.
,
1981
, “
Measured Characteristics of a Journal Bearing Oil Film
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
103
, pp.
120
–
125
.
83.
Parkins
D. W.
,
1995
, “
Measurement of Oil Film Journal Bearing Damping Coefficients—An Extension of the Selected Orbit Technique
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF TRIBOLOGY
, Vol.
117
, pp.
696
–
701
.
84.
Pascovici
M. D.
,
1970
, “
The Circumferential Temperature Distribution of Complete Journal Bearings
,”
Wear
, Vol.
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, pp.
143
–
147
.
85.
Parszewski, Z. A., 1975, “Experimental Determination of Bearing Static Properdes,” Dynamics of Rotors: Stability and System Identification, O. Mahrenholtz, ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 411–415.
86.
Parszewski, Z. A., 1975, “Experimental Determination of Bearing Dynamic Properties,” Dynamics of Rotors: Stability and System Identification, O. Mahrenholtz, ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 417–420.
87.
Pope
A. W.
, and
Healy
S. P.
,
1966–67
, “
Anti-Vibration Journal Bearings
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
181
, Part 3B, pp.
98
–
115
.
88.
Ramsden
P.
,
1967–68
“
Review of Published Data and Their Application to the Design of Large Bearings for Steam Turbines
,”
Proc. Instn. Mech. Engrs.
, Vol.
182
, Part 3A, pp.
75
–
81
.
89.
Read, L. J., and Flack, R. D., 1986, “A Journal Bearing Test Rig for Temperature and Pressure Measurements with Results for an Offset Half Bearing,” Proc. of the International Conference on Rotordynamics, IFToMM, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 55–60.
90.
Read
L. J.
, and
Flack
R. D.
,
1987
, “
Temperature, Pressure and Film Thickness Measurements for an Offset Half Bearing
,”
Wear
, Vol.
117
, pp.
197
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210
.
91.
Roberts
J. B.
, and
Hinton
R. E.
,
1982
, “
Pressure Distributions in a Superlaminar Journal Bearing
,”
ASME JOURNAL OF LUBRICATION TECHNOLOGY
, Vol.
104
, pp.
187
–
195
.
92.
Roberts
J. B.
, and
Mason
P. J.
,
1986
, “
An Experimental Investigation of Pressure Distributions in a Journal Bearing Operating in the Transition Regime
,”
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, Vol.
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.
93.
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