The computer program called Solar_PVHFC has been modified to model a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) that uses photovoltaic cells to produce electrical energy. This program was used to study the effects of concentration ratio, truncation height ratio, and photovoltaic cell efficiency on electrical power output and relative levelized cost of energy (LCE) of a fixed CPC photovoltaic device. Comparisons are made to fixed, conventional flat photovoltaic panels. This study indicates that CPCs can reduce the levelized cost of electrical energy produced by high efficiency, high cost photovoltaic cells, but provides no advantages for lower efficiency, lower price photovoltaic cells.

References

1.
Rabl
,
A.
,
1976
, “
Optical and Thermal Properties of Compound Parabolic Concentrators
,”
Sol. Energy
,
18
(
6
), pp.
497
511
.
2.
SunPower Corporation
,
2012
, “
C7 Tracker
,” SunPower Corporation, San Jose, CA, accessed May 20, 2015, http://us.sunpower.com/sites/sunpower/files/media-library/data-sheets/ds-sunpower-c7-tracker-datasheet.pdf
3.
Brown
,
N.
,
2013
, “
‘Lowest-Cost PV Energy on the Market’—Concentrated PV From Cogenra
,” Sustainable Enterprises Media, Inc., San Francisco, CA, accessed May 20, 2015, http://cleantechnica.com/2013/11/21/introducing-ultra-cheap-cpv-system/
4.
Dobos
,
A.
,
2013
, “
PVWatts Version 1 Technical Reference
,”
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
, Golden, CO.
5.
Gustafson
,
M.
,
2013
, “
A Computational Approach to Simulating the Performance of a 24-Hour Solar Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Power Plant
,” Wright State University,
Master's thesis
, Dayton, OH.
6.
Liu
,
B. Y. H.
, and
Jordon
,
R. C.
,
1963
, “
The Long-Term Average Performance of Flat-Plate Solar Energy Collectors
,”
Sol. Energy
,
7
(
2
), pp.
53
74
.
7.
Perez
,
R. P.
,
Ineichen
,
P.
,
Seals
,
R.
,
Michalsky
,
J.
, and
Stewart
,
R.
,
1990
, “
Modeling Daylight Availability and Irradiance Components From Direct and Global Irradiance
,”
Sol. Energy
,
44
(
5
), pp.
271
289
.
8.
Duffie
,
J.
, and
Beckman
,
W.
,
2006
,
Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes
,
Wiley
,
Hoboken, NJ
.
9.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
,
2015
, “
1991–2005 Update: Typical Meteorological Year 3
,” National Solar Radiation Data Base, Golden, CO, accessed Jan. 23, 2015, http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/1991-2005/tmy3/
10.
Townsend
,
T. U.
,
1989
,
A Method for Estimating the Long-Term Performance of Direct-Coupled Photovoltaic Systems
,
University of Wisconsin at Madison
,
Madison, WI
.
11.
King
,
D.
,
Boyson
,
W.
, and
Kratochvill
,
J.
,
2004
, “
Photovoltaic Array Performance Model
,” Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Report No. SAND2004-3535.
12.
Welford
,
W.
, and
Winston
,
R.
,
1978
,
The Optics of Nonimaging Concentrators
,
Academic Press
,
New York
.
13.
Pinazo
,
J.
,
Cañada
,
J.
, and
Arago
,
F.
,
1992
, “
Analysis of the Incident Angle of the Beam Radiation on CPC
,”
Sol. Energy
,
49
(
3
), pp.
175
179
.
14.
Brandemuehl
,
M.
, and
Beckman
,
W.
,
1980
, “
Transmission of Diffuse Radiation Through CPC and Flat Plate Collector Glazings
,”
Sol. Energy
,
24
(
5
), pp.
511
513
.
15.
McIntire
,
W.
, and
Reed
,
K.
,
1981
, “
Orientational Relationships for Optically Non-Symmetric Solar Collectors
,”
Sol. Energy
,
31
(
4
), pp.
405
410
.
16.
Greenman
,
P.
,
1980
, “
Reduction of Intensity Variations on the Absorbers of Ideal Flux Concentrators
,”
Appl. Opt.
,
19
(
16
), pp.
2812
2821
.
17.
Astronergy
,
2013
, “
Datasheet Crystalline PV Module NMC CHSM6610P (BF) Series
,” Chint Solar, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, accessed Jan. 21, 2015, http://www.astronergy.com/attch/product/NMC%20CHSM6610P%20Series%20K5.pdf
18.
Osborne
,
M.
,
2010
, “
Manufacturing Cost per Watt at First Solar Falls to US$0.76 Cents: Module Faults Hit Earnings
,” PVTech, London, accessed May 21, 2015, www.pv-tech.org/news
19.
Runyon
,
J.
,
2014
, “
WTO Tells US to Reconsider Solar Panel Tariffs
,” RenewableEnergyWorld.com, Peterborough, NH, accessed May 21, 2015, www.renewableenergyworld.com
20.
SunPower Corporation
,
2013
, “
E-Series Solar Panels
,” SunPower Corporation, San Jose, CA, accessed Jan. 21, 2015, http://us.sunpower.com/sites/sunpower/files/media-library/data-sheets/ds-e20-series-327-residential-solar-panels-datasheet.pdf
21.
Ladelfa
,
S.
,
2014
, “
SunPower Module Costs
,” YellowLite, Cleveland, OH.
22.
SunPower Corporation
,
2013
, “
X-Series Solar Panels
,” SunPower Corporation, San Jose, CA, accessed Jan. 21, 2015, http://us.sunpower.com/sites/sunpower/files/media-library/data-sheets/ds-x21-series-335-345-residential-solar-panels-datasheet.pdf
23.
Spectrolab
,
2008
, “
28.3% Ultra Triple Junction (UTJ) Solar Cells
,” Spectrolab, Inc., Sylmar, CA, accessed Jan. 21, 2015, http://www.spectrolab.com/DataSheets/TNJCell/utj3.pdf
24.
Spectrolab
,
2009
, “
Space Products: Frequently Asked Questions
,” Spectrolab, Sylmar, CA, accessed May 21, 2015, http://www.spectrolab.com/faqs-space.htm
You do not currently have access to this content.