The purpose of this paper is to provide research results for a cylindrical vessel—30 deg lateral intersection with diameter ratio under increasing internal pressure loading. The results include those from tests as well as from an inelastic stress analysis. The experimentally determined limit load is compared with that from the finite element analysis. The stress concentration factor, the spread of the plastic area, and the behavior of the deformation are provided. Also, a burst test of the model vessel is carried out to provide some data to justify the existing design method and forms a basis for developing an advanced design guideline for cylindrical vessel—lateral intersection under internal pressure loading.
1.
Mershon, J. L., “Interpretive Report on Oblique Nozzle Connections in Pressure Vessel Heads and Shells Under Internal Pressure Loading,” WRC Bulletin No. 153, Aug. 1970.
2.
PVRC Task Group on Laterals of the Subcommittee on ROEL, “Comparison of Three-Dimensional Finite Element and Photo Elastic Results for Lateral Connection,” WRC Bulletin No. 251, Aug. 1979.
3.
Swanson, J. A., “Three-Dimensional Analysis of Lateral Nozzle WC-12B2 Using Three-Dimensional Isoparametric Incompatible Displacement Finite Elements, Final Report Submitted to TG on Laterals, PVRC s/c on Reinforced Openings and External Loadings,” Sept. 1975.
4.
Leven, M. M., “Photo Elastic Determination of the Stresses at Oblique Openings in Plates and Shells,” WRC Bulletin No. 153, Aug. 1970.
5.
Raju, P. P., “Parametric Three-Dimensional Finite Element Study of 45° Lateral Connection,” WRC Bulletin No. 301, Jan. 1985.
6.
Raju, P. P., “Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of 45° Lateral Model 2 (d/D=0.5, D/T=10) Under Out-Of-Plane Moment Loading on Branch Pipe,” WRC Bulletin No. 344, June 1989.
7.
Raju, P. P., “Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of PVRC 45° Lateral Model 4 (d/D=0.5, D/T=40) Under Out-Of-Plane Moment Loading on Branch Pipes,” WRC Bulletin No. 344, June 1989.
8.
Hay and Associates, “Study of 45° Laterals, Final Report Submitted to the TG on Laterals, PVRC s/c on Reinforced Openings and External Loadings,” London, April 1976.
9.
Rodabaugh, E. C., “Stress Indices, Pressure Design and Stress Intensification Factors for Laterals in Piping,” WRC Bulletin, No. 360, Jan. 1991.
10.
Rodabaugh, E. C., “Code Rules for Internal Pressure Design of Isolated Nozzles in Cylindrical Vessels With d/D⩽1.0,” WRC Bulletin No. 451, May 2000.
11.
Rodabaugh, E. C., “A Review of Area Replacement Rules for Pipe Connec-tions in Pressure Vessels and Piping,” WRC Bulletin No. 335, Sept. 1988.
12.
Schroeder, J., “Limit and Burst Pressures of Fabricated Branch Connections,” ASME paper, 82-pvp-16, 1982.
13.
Sang, Z. F., Xue, L. P., Lin, Y. J., and Widera, G. E. O., “Limit Analysis and Burst Test for Large Diameter Intersections,” WRC Bulletin No. 451, May 2000.
14.
Automatic Dynamic Incremental Nolinear Analysis, Radux Industry Technologies, Inc.
15.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 1995 ed., Sections III and VIII-1, VIII-2, ASME, New York.
Copyright © 2005
by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.