... schlieren systems photography light refraction CCD image sensors high-speed optical techniques combustion The study of flame and combustion using optical techniques dates back to the mid 1940’s, 1 2 3 4 5 . Large changes of temperature and composition occurring in flames give rise to rapid...

... = Y inc − Y ind 2 r 0 internal combustion engines schlieren systems combustion ignition flames fuel pressure 29 04 2003 2003 ASME ...

... Schlieren system The schlieren system is shown in Fig. 2 . It consists of an Ar-ion laser as the light source, a convex lens (focal length: 20 mm), two plane mirrors, two spherical mirrors (focal length: 1500 mm) and a knife edge. In the present experiment, a circular edge was selected as the knife...