Fast response pressure data acquired in a high-speed 1.5-stage turbine hot gas ingestion rig (HGIR) show the existence of pressure oscillation modes in the rim-seal-wheelspace cavity of a high pressure gas turbine stage with purge flow. The experimental results and observations are complemented by computational assessments of pressure oscillation modes associated with the flow in canonical cavity configurations. The cavity modes identified include shallow cavity modes and Helmholtz resonance. The response of the cavity modes to variation in design and operating parameters are assessed. These parameters include cavity aspect ratio (AR), purge flow ratio, and flow direction defined by the ratio of primary tangential to axial velocity. Scaling the cavity modal response based on computational results and available experimental data in terms of the appropriate reduced frequencies appears to indicate the potential presence of a deep cavity mode as well. While the role of cavity modes on hot gas ingestion cannot be clarified based on the current set of data, the unsteady pressure field associated with turbine rim cavity modal response can be expected to drive ingress/egress.
Issue Section:
Gas Turbines: Structures and Dynamics
References
1.
Scobie
, J. A.
, Sangan
, C. M.
, Owen
, J. M.
, and Lock
, G. D.
, 2016
, “Review of Ingress in Gas Turbines
,” ASME J Gas Turbines Power
, 138
(12
), p. 120801
.2.
Wang
, C. Z.
, Mathiyalagan
, S. P.
, Johnson
, B. V.
, Glahn
, J. A.
, and Cloud
, D. F.
, 2013
, “Rim Seal Ingestion in a Turbine Stage From 360 Degree Time-Dependent Numerical Simulations
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 136
(3
), p. 031007
.3.
Jakoby
, R.
, Zierer
, T.
, Lindblad
, K.
, Larsson
, J.
, deVito
, L.
, Bohn
, D.
, Funcke
, J.
, and Decker
, A.
, 2004
, “Numerical Simulation of the Unsteady Flow Field in an Axial Gas Turbine Rim Seal Configuration
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2004-53829. 4.
Daniels
, W.
, Johnson
, B.
, Graber
, D.
, and Martin
, R.
, 1992
, “Rim Seal Experiments and Analysis for Turbine Applications
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 114
(2
), pp. 426
–432
.5.
Green
, T.
, and Turner
, A. B.
, 1994
, “Ingestion Into the Upstream Wheelspace of an Axial Turbine Stage
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 116
(2
), pp. 327
–332
.6.
Bohn
, D.
, Rudzinski
, B.
, Surken
, N.
, and Garter
, W.
, 2000
, “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Rotor Blades on Hot Gas Ingestion Into the Upstream Cavity of an Axial Turbine Stage
,” ASME
Paper No. 2000-GT-0284. 7.
Teramachi
, K.
, Hamabe
, M.
, Manabe
, T.
, and Yanagidani
, N.
, 2003
, “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Sealing Performance of Turbine Rim Seals
,” International Gas Turbine Congress (IGTC), Tokyo, Japan, Nov. 2–7, Paper No. IGTC2003Tokyo TS-025
.https://nippon.zaidan.info/seikabutsu/2003/00916/pdf/igtc2003tokyo_ts025.pdf8.
Sangan
, C. M.
, Pountney
, O. J.
, Scobie
, J. A.
, Wilson
, M.
, Owen
, J. M.
, and Lock
, G. D.
, 2013
, “Experimental Measurements of Ingestion Through Turbine Rim Seals, Part 3: Single and Double Seals
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 135
(5
), p. 051011
.9.
Balasubramanian
, J.
, Junnarkar
, N.
, Zhou
, D. W.
, Roy
, R. P.
, Kim
, Y. W.
, and Moon
, H. K.
, 2011
, “Experiments on Aft-Disk Cavity Ingestion in a Model 1.5-Stage Axial Flow Turbine
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2011-45895. 10.
Zhou
, D. W.
, Roy
, R. P.
, Wang
, C. Z.
, and Glahn
, J. A.
, 2011
, “Main Gas Ingestion in a Turbine Stage for Three Rim Cavity Configurations
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 133
(3
), p. 031023
.11.
Roy
, R. P.
, Feng
, J.
, Narzary
, D.
, and Paolillo
, R. E.
, 2005
, “Experiment on Gas Ingestion Through Axial-Flow Turbine Rim Seals
,” ASME J Gas Turbines Power
, 127
(3
), pp. 573
–582
.12.
Barringer
, M.
, Coward
, A.
, Clark
, K.
, Thole
, K. A.
, Schmitz
, J.
, Wagner
, J.
, Alvine
, M. A.
, Burke
, P.
, and Dennis
, R.
, 2014
, “The Design of a Steady Aero Thermal Research Turbine (Start) for Studying Secondary Flow Leakages and Airfoil Heat Transfer
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2014-25570. 13.
Palafox
, P.
, Ding
, Z.
, Bailey
, J.
, Vanduser
, T.
, Kirtley
, K.
, Moore
, K.
, and Chupp
, R.
, 2013
, “A New 1-1/2 Stage Turbine Wheelspace Hot Gas Ingestion Rig (Hgir)—Part 1: Experimental Test Vehicle, Measurement Capability and Baseline Results
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2013-96020. 14.
Ding
, Z.
, Palafox
, P.
, Moore
, K.
, Chupp
, R.
, and Kirtley
, K.
, 2013
, “A New 1.5-Stage Turbine Wheelspace Hot Gas Ingestion Rig (HGIR)—Part II: CFD Modeling and Validation
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2013-96021. 15.
Krishnamurty
, K.
, 1955
, “Acoustic Radiation From Two-Dimensional Rectangular Cutouts in Aerodynamic Surfaces
,” National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, Washington, DC, Technical Note 3487.16.
Plumblee
, H. E.
, Gibson
, J. S.
, and Lassiter
, I. E.
, 1962
, “A Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the Acoustic Response of Cavities in an Aerodynamic Flow
,” Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Marieta, GA, Technical Report No. 61-75
.http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=AD027780317.
East
, L.
, 1966
, “Aerodynamic Induced Resonance in Rectangular Cavities
,” J. Sound Vib.
, 3
(3), pp. 277
–287
.18.
Rossiter
, J.
, 1964
, “Wind Tunnel Experiments on the Flow Over Rectangular Cavities at Subsonic and Transonic Speeds
,” Aeronautical Research Council Reports and Memoranda, Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London, Report No. 3438.19.
Sarohia
, V.
, and Massier
, P.
, 1977
, “Control of Cavity Noise
,” J. Aircr.
, 14
(9
), pp. 833
–837
.20.
Sarno
, R.
, and Franke
, M.
, 1994
, “Supression of Flow-Induced Pressure Oscillations in Cavities
,” J. Aircr.
, 31
(1
), pp. 90
–96
.21.
Sarohia
, V.
, 1977
, “Experimental Investigation of Oscillations in Flows Over Shallow Cavities
,” AIAA J.
, 15
(7
), pp. 984
–991
.22.
Gharib
, M.
, and Roshko
, A.
, 1987
, “The Effect of Flow Oscillations on Cavity Drag
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 177
, pp. 501
–530
.23.
Rockwell
, D.
, and Naudascher
, E.
, 1978
, “Review—Self-Sustaining Oscillations of Flow Past Cavities
,” ASME J. Fluids Eng.
, 100
(2), pp. 152
–164
.24.
Komerath
, N.
, Ahuja
, K.
, and Chambers
, F.
, 1987
, “Prediction and Measurement of Flows Over Cavities—A Survey
,” AIAA
Paper No. AIAA-87-0166.25.
Ingard
, U.
, 1953
, “On the Theory and Design of Acoustic Resonators
,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
, 25
(6
), pp. 1037
–1061
.26.
Alster
, M.
, 1972
, “Improved Calculation of Resonant Frequencies of Helmholtz Resonators
,” J. Sound Vib.
, 24
(1
), pp. 63
–85
.27.
Hills
, N. J.
, Chew
, J. W.
, and Turner
, A. B.
, 2002
, “Computational and Mathematical Modeling of Turbine Rim Seal Ingestion
,” ASME J. Turbomach.
, 124
(2
), pp. 306
–315
.28.
Julien
, S.
, Lefrancois
, J.
, Dumas
, G.
, Boutet-Blais
, G.
, Lapointe
, S.
, Caron
, J.
, and Marini
, R.
, 2010
, “Simulation of Flow Ingestion and Related Structures in a Turbine Disk Cavity
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2010-22729. 29.
Cao
, C.
, Chew
, J. W.
, Millington
, P. R.
, and Hogg
, S. I.
, 2004
, “Interaction of Rim Seal and Annulus Flows in an Axial Flow Turbine
,” ASME J. Gas Turbines Power
, 126
(4
), pp. 786
–793
.30.
O'Mahoney
, T.
, Hills
, N.
, Chew
, J.
, and Scanlon
, T.
, 2011
, “Large-Eddy Simulation of Rim Seal Ingestion
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C
, 225(12), pp. 2881
–2891
.31.
Boudet
, J.
, Hills
, N.
, and Chew
, J.
, 2006
, “Numerical Simulation of Flow Interaction Between Turbine Annulus and Disc Cavities
,” ASME
Paper No. GT2006-90307. 32.
Abrahamson
, S. D.
, Eaton
, J. K.
, and Koga
, D. J.
, 1989
, “The Flow Between Shrouded Co-Rotating Disks
,” Phys. Fluids A: Fluid Dyn.
, 1
(2
), pp. 241
–251
.33.
Cheah
, S. C.
, Iacovides
, H.
, Jackson
, D.
, Ji
, H.
, and Launder
, B. E.
, 1994
, “Experimental Investigation of Enclosed Rotor-Stator Disk Flows
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
, 9
(4
), pp. 445
–455
.34.
Serre
, E.
, del Arco
, E. C.
, and Bontous
, P.
, 2001
, “Annular and Spiral Patterns in Flows Between Rotating and Stationary Discs
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 434
, pp. 65
–100
.35.
Schouveiler
, L.
, LeGal
, P.
, and Chauve
, M. P.
, 2001
, “Instabilities of the Flow Between a Rotating and a Stationary Disk
,” J. Fluid Mech.
, 443
, pp. 329
–350
.36.
Czarny
, O.
, Iacovides
, H.
, and Launder
, B.
, 2002
, “Precessing Vortex Structures in Turbulent Flow Within Rotor-Stator Disc Cavities
,” Flow Turbul. Combust.
, 69
(1
), pp. 51
–61
.37.
Welch
, P.
, 1967
, “The Use of Fast Fourier Transform for the Estimation of Power Spectra: A Method Based on Time Averaging Over Short, Modified Periodograms
,” IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoust.
, 15
(2), pp. 70
–73
.Copyright © 2018 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
