Abstract
The rotary engine (RE) is characterized by high-speed and a long and narrow combustion chamber. This leads to problems such as uneven distribution of the fuel–air mixture, difficulty in the ignition, and difficulty in rapid propagation of the flame to the trailing side of the combustion chamber, which in turn has an adverse impact on its combustion efficiency. In view of this, this study proposed a multi-population-subgroup genetic algorithm (MPSGA) with a faster convergence rate and more significant optimization based on the multi-population genetic algorithm. The performance of the optimization method was verified by test functions. This method is applied to the comprehensive matching optimization of chamber structure and ignition of the RE to significantly improve the combustion performance. The results showed that compared to the original scheme, the best matching scheme of the chamber structure parameters and ignition parameters of the RE obtained by using the MPSGA increased the explosive pressure by 39.3% and the thermal efficiency by 9.8%.
References
1.
Liu
, Z.
, Li
, H.
, Zhu
, M.
, Huang
, Y.
, Tang
, Z.
, Pei
, Z.
, Wang
, Z.
, et al, 2018
, “Towards Wearable Electronic Devices: A Quasi-Solid-State Aqueous Lithium on Battery With Outstanding Stability, Flexibility, Safety and Breathability
,” Nano Energy
, 44
(1
), pp. 164
–173
. 2.
Francesconi
, M.
, Dori
, E.
, and Antonelli
, M.
, 2019
, “Analysis of Balje Diagrams for a Wankel Expander Prototype
,” Appl. Energy
, 238
(6
), pp. 775
–785
. 3.
Antonelli
, M.
, Baccioli
, A.
, and Francesconi
, M.
, 2014
, “Operating Maps of a Rotary Engine Used as an Expander for Micro-Generation With Various Working Fluids
,” Appl. Energy
, 113
(16
), pp. 742
–750
. 4.
Shi
, C.
, Ji
, C.
, Wang
, S.
, Yang
, J.
, Ma
, Z.
, and Ge
, Y.
, 2019
, “Combined Influence of Hydrogen Direct-Injection Pressure and Nozzle Diameter on Lean Combustion in a Spark-Ignited Rotary Engine
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 195
(24
), pp. 1124
–1137
. 5.
Yamada
, T.
, and Moriyoshi
, Y.
, 2007
, “Numerical Analysis of Combustion and Flow Inside a Small Rotary Engine for Developing an Unmanned Helicopter
,” SAE Technical Paper
, 32
(98
), pp. 98
–104
. 6.
Karatsu
, Y.
, Minota
, S.
, Hashimoto
, H.
, Moriue
, O.
, Murase
, E.
, Yun
, J. H.
, and Kagawa
, R.
, 2015
, “Simultaneous Observation of Combustion in Optical Rotary Engine by Bottom View and Side View
,” SAE Paper
, 01
(9
), pp. 1891
–1898
. 7.
Ji
, C.
, Wu
, S.
, Yi
, Y.
, Yang
, J.
, Wang
, H.
, Meng
, H.
, and Wang
, S.
, 2024
, “Effects of Hydrogen Injection Strategies on the Flow Field and Combustion Characteristics in a Hydrogen-Fueled Rotary Engine With the Swirl Chamber
,” Fuel
, 364
(15
), pp. 1
–10
. 8.
Wang
, H.
, Turner
, J.
, Wang
, X.
, Ge
, Y.
, Lyu
, L.
, Wang
, S.
, Ji
, C.
, and Yang
, J.
, 2024
, “Effect of Ignition Pattern on Combustion Characteristics in a Hydrogen Wankel Rotary Engine: A Numerical Study
,” Appl. Energy Combust. Sci.
, 17
(26
), pp. 1
–11
. 9.
Zeng
, Y.
, Fan
, B.
, Pan
, J.
, He
, R.
, Fang
, J.
, Salami
, H. A.
, and Wu
, X.
, 2022
, “Research on the Ignition Strategy of a Methanol/Gasoline Blends Rotary Engine Using Turbulent Jet Ignition Mode
,” Energy
, 261
(15
), pp. 124
–141
. 10.
Harikrishnan
, T.
, Challa
, S.
, and Radhakrishna
, D.
, 2016
, “Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Flame Propagation in Rotary Engine Performance With Leakage and Different Combustion Chamber Shapes Using Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics
,” ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
, 138
(5
), p. 052210. 11.
Huo
, S.
, Fan
, B.
, Xu
, L.
, Yin
, G.
, Pan
, J.
, Yang
, W.
, Li
, W.
, and Wu
, Y.
, 2024
, “Combined Effect of Cylinder Shape and Turbulence Blade on the Combustion Performance of a Turbulent Jet Ignition Rotary Engine Using Hydrogen/Natural Gas Blends
,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, 61
(3
), pp. 513
–527
. 12.
Fan
, B.
, Li
, W.
, Zeng
, Y.
, Fan
, M.
, Yang
, H.
, Pan
, J.
, Zhang
, Y.
, and Jiang
, C.
, 2025
, “The Coupling Effect of Turbulent Jet Ignition and Injection Strategy on the Combustion Performance of a Pure Methanol Rotary Engine
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 258
(12
), pp. 1
–14
. 13.
Zou
, R.
, Liu
, J.
, Jiao
, H.
, Zhao
, J.
, and Wang
, N.
, 2022
, “Combined Effect of Intake Angle and Chamber Structure on Flow Field and Combustion Process in a Small-Scaled Rotary Engine
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 203
(25
), pp. 1
–15
. 14.
Dong
, Y.
, Liu
, J. M.
, Liu
, Y. B.
, Li
, H.
, Zhang
, S.
, Hu
, X.
, and Zhang
, X.
, 2021
, “Structure Optimization of Gasket Based on Orthogonal Experiment and NSGA-II
,” Sci. Prog.
, 104
(2
), pp. 72
–85
. 15.
Liu
, J.
, and Li
, Y.
, 2012
, “An Improved Adaptive Response Surface Method for Structural Reliability Analysis
,” J. Cent. South Univ.
, 19
(4
), pp. 1148
–1154
. 16.
Quan
, H.
, Guo
, Y.
, Li
, R. N.
, Su
, Q.
, and Chai
, Y.
, 2020
, “Optimization Design and Experimental Study of Vortex Pump Based on Orthogonal Test
,” Sci. Prog.
, 103
(1
), pp. 11
–20
. 17.
Zhang
, Y.
, Liu
, J.
, Zuo
, Z.
, and Zhang
, S.
, 2020
, “Optimization of Volumetric Efficiency of a Small Wankel Engine Using Genetic Algorithm
,” Therm. Sci.
, 24
(1
), pp. 101
–111
. 18.
Wang
, H.
, Ji
, C.
, Yang
, J.
, Wang
, S.
, and Ge
, Y.
, 2022
, “Towards a Comprehensive Optimization of the Intake Characteristics for Side Ported Wankel Rotary Engines by Coupling Machine Learning With Genetic Algorithm
,” Energy
, 261
(15
), pp. 1
–10
. 19.
Genzale
, C.
, Wickman
, D.
, and Reitz
, R. D.
, 2006
, “An Advanced Optimization Methodology for Understanding the Effects of Piston Bowl Design in Late Injection Low-Temperature Diesel Combustion
,” Proc. Thiesel
, 85
(15
), pp. 1
–7
.20.
Cao
, B.
, Zhao
, J. W.
, Liu
, X.
, Arabas
,J.
, Tanveer
, M.
, Singh
, A. K.
, Lv
, Z.
, and Cao
, B.
, 2022
, “Multiobjective Evolution of the Explainable Fuzzy Rough Neural Network With Gene Expression Programming
,” IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst.
, 30
(10
), pp. 4190
–4200
. 21.
Zhou
, Z.
, Li
, F. M.
, Zhu
, H. X.
, Xie
, H.
, Abawajy
, J. H.
, and Chowdhury
, M. U.
, 2020
, “An Improved Genetic Algorithm Using Greedy Strategy Toward Task Scheduling Optimization in Cloud Environments
,” Neural Comput. Appl.
, 32
(6
), pp. 1531
–1541
. 22.
Ge
, Y.
, Zhang
, C.
, Liu
, Q.
, Zhang
, X.
, Chen
, J.
, Nazir
, M. S.
, and Peng
, T.
, 2025
, “A Novel Meta-Heuristic Optimizer Based on Improved Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution Algorithm for Parameter Identification of a PEMFC Model
,” Fuel
, 383
(1
), pp. 1
–13
. 23.
Fan
, B.
, Pan
, J.
, Yang
, W.
, An
, H.
, Tang
, A.
, Shao
, X.
, and Xue
, H.
, 2015
, “Effects of Different Parameters on the Flow Field of Peripheral Ported WREs
,” Eng. Appl. Comput. Fluid Mech.
, 9
(1
), pp. 445
–457
. 24.
Shi
, C.
, Ji
, C.
, Ge
, Y.
, Wang
, S.
, Bao
, J.
, and Yang
, J.
, 2019
, “Numerical Study on Ignition Amelioration of a Hydrogen-Enriched Wankel Engine Under Lean-Burn Condition
,” Appl. Energy
, 255
(1
), pp. 1
–12
. 25.
Taskirana
, O.
, Calik
, A.
, and Kutlarb
, O.
, 2019
, “Comparison of Flow Field and Combustion in Single and Double Side Ported WRE
,” Fuel
, 254
(15
), pp. 1
–14
. 26.
Senecal
, P. K.
, Pomraning
, E.
, Richards
, K. J.
, Briggs
, T. E.
, Choi
, C. Y.
, Mcdavid
, R. M.
, and Patterson
, M. A.
, 2003
, Multi-dimensional Modeling of Direct-Injection Diesel Spray Liquid Length and Flame Lift-Off Length Using CFD and Parallel Detailed Chemistry”, SAE Technical Paper, Vol. 1.27.
Spreitzer
, J.
, Zahradnik
, F.
, and Geringer
, B.
, 2015
, “Implementation of a WRE (Wankel Engine) in a CFD Simulation Tool With Special Emphasis on Combustion and Flow Phenomena,” SAE Technical Paper, Vol. 1. 28.
Ji
, C.
, Wang
, T.
, Wang
, S.
, Zhang
, B.
, Yu
, M.
, and Cong
, X.
, 2016
, “Effect of Hydrogen Addition on Combustion and Emissions Performance of a Gasoline WRE at Part Load and Stoichiometric Conditions
,” Energy Convers. Manage.
, 121
(20
), pp. 272
–280
. 29.
Wu
, L.
, Wu
, Y.
, Fan
, B.
, Pan
, J.
, Fan
, M.
, Yang
, H.
, Zhang
, Y.
, and Lu
, Q.
, 2024
, “Evaluation of Blunt Body Setting for Improving the Combustion Performance of a Jet Ignition Hydrogen/Natural Gas Rotary Engine
,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, 92
(26
), pp. 594
–505
. 30.
C.S. Corp
., CONVERGE Theory Manual, 2014.31.
Ra
, Y.
, and Reitz
, R. D.
, 2008
, “A Reduced Chemical Kinetic Model for IC Engine Combustion Simulations With Primary Reference Fuels
,” Combust. Flame
, 155
(4
), pp. 713
–738
. 32.
Wang
, Z.
, Wang
, F.
, and Wang
, J.
, 2014
, “Study of Engine Knock in HCCI Combustion Using Large Eddy Simulation and Complex Chemical Kinetics,” SAE Technical Paper, Vol. 1. 33.
Han
, Z.
, and Reitz
, R.
, 1997
, “A Temperature Wall Function Formulation for Variable-Density Turbulent Flows With Application to Engine Convective Heat Transfer Modeling
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 40
(3
), pp. 613
–625
. 34.
Wen
, H.
, Li
, L.
, Zou
, R.
, Liu
, X.
, and Su
, T.
, 2024
, “Effects of Turbulence-Induced Blade Position on Flow and Combustion in a Wankel Rotary Engine
,” Int. J. Energy Res.
, 1
(22
), pp. 2
–17
. 35.
Pan
, W.-T.
, 2012
, “A New Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm: Taking the Financial Distress Model as an Example
,” Knowl. Based Syst.
, 26
(5
), pp. 69
–74
. Copyright © 2025 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
