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Journal of Solar Energy Engineering | Volume 140 | Issue 3 | research-article
Research Papers

Energetic and Exergetic Performance of a Solar Flat-Plate Collector Working With Cu Nanofluid

[+] Author and Article Information
SeyedReza Shamshirgaran

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS,
Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610,
Perak, Malaysia;Department of Mechanical and
Energy Engineering,
Shahid Beheshti University,
Tehran 16765-1719, Iran
e-mail: seyedreza_g03458@utp.edu.my

Morteza Khalaji Assadi

Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS,
Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610,
Perak, Malaysia
e-mail: morteza.assadi@utp.edu.my

Hussain H. Al-Kayiem

Mem. ASME
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS,
Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610,
Perak, Malaysia
e-mail: hussain_kayiem@utp.edu.my

Korada Viswanatha Sharma

Centre for Energy Studies,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
JNTUH College of Engineering,
Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500085, India
e-mail: kvsharmajntu@gmail.com

1Corresponding author.

Contributed by the Solar Energy Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING: INCLUDING WIND ENERGY AND BUILDING ENERGY CONSERVATION. Manuscript received August 4, 2017; final manuscript received November 27, 2017; published online February 20, 2018. Assoc. Editor: Gerardo Diaz.

J. Sol. Energy Eng 140(3), 031002 (Feb 20, 2018) (8 pages) Paper No: SOL-17-1324; doi: 10.1115/1.4039018 History: Received August 04, 2017; Revised November 27, 2017
Article
References
Figures
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The evaluation of the performance and characteristics of a solar flat-plate collector (FPC) are reported for domestic and industrial requirements in the existing literature. A computer code was developed using matlab to model and evaluate the energetic and exergetic performance of a nanofluid-based FPC for steady-state and laminar conditions. The analysis was performed using practical geometry data, especially the absorber emittance, for a standard collector. Linear pressure losses in manifolds were taken into account, and a more accurate exergy factor corresponding to a correct value of 5770 K for the sun temperature was employed. The results demonstrate that copper–water nanofluid has the potential to augment the internal convection heat transfer coefficient by 76.5%, and to enhance the energetic efficiency of the collector from 70.3% to 72.1% at 4% volume concentration, when compared to the values with water. Additionally, it was revealed that copper nanofluid is capable of increasing the collector fluid's outlet temperature and decreasing the absorber plate's mean temperature by 3 K. The addition of nanoparticles to the water demonstrated a reduction in the total entropy generation by the solar FPC. Furthermore, increasing the nanoparticle size reflected a reduction in the overall performance of the solar collector.
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Figures

Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 1

The schematic of a solar [19]

+The schematic of a solar [19]
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The schematic of a solar [19]
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 2

Variations of outlet temperature and plate's mean temperature

+Variations of outlet temperature and plate's mean temperature
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Variations of outlet temperature and plate's mean temperature
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 3

Influence of particle loading on the heat loss coefficient and heat removal factor

+Influence of particle loading on the heat loss coefficient and heat removal factor
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Influence of particle loading on the heat loss coefficient and heat removal factor
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 4

Enhancement of the collector efficiency with nanoparticle concentration

+Enhancement of the collector efficiency with nanoparticle concentration
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Enhancement of the collector efficiency with nanoparticle concentration
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 5

Effect of nanoparticles on the Nusselt number

+Effect of nanoparticles on the Nusselt number
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Effect of nanoparticles on the Nusselt number
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 6

Effect of nanoparticle size on the heat transfer coefficient

+Effect of nanoparticle size on the heat transfer coefficient
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Effect of nanoparticle size on the heat transfer coefficient
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 7

Impact of nanoparticles on the frictional and thermal entropy generation

+Impact of nanoparticles on the frictional and thermal entropy generation
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Impact of nanoparticles on the frictional and thermal entropy generation
Grahic Jump Location
Fig. 8

Enhancement of total entropy generation with particle loading

+Enhancement of total entropy generation with particle loading
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Enhancement of total entropy generation with particle loading

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