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Research Papers

# Start-Up Modeling for Annual CSP Yield Calculations

[+] Author and Article Information
Tobias Hirsch, Jan Fabian Feldhoff, Heiko Schenk

German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute for Solar Research, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germanytobias.hirsch@dlr.de

J. Sol. Energy Eng 134(3), 031004 (Apr 04, 2012) (9 pages) doi:10.1115/1.4006268 History: Received August 08, 2011; Revised February 23, 2012; Published April 03, 2012; Online April 04, 2012

## Abstract

In solar thermal power plants, at least the solar part undergoes a daily start-up process. Since duration and energy consumption of the start-up depend on irradiance and temperature boundary conditions, differences occur between the individual days and especially between the seasons. For a good representation in annual electricity yield calculations, the start-up process should be modeled on a daily basis. This paper presents a closed approach for the calculation of start-up and cool-down in solar thermal power plants especially designed for annual calculations. It is demonstrated by one example how the required parameters can be obtained and how the methodology is applied. A sensitivity analysis reveals the large impact of start-up consumption on the annual yield.

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## Figures

Figure 9

Net electricity output relative to simulation without start-up depending on choice of start-up correction factor

Figure 7

General layout of a symmetric parabolic trough solar field with 152 loops

Figure 6

Idealized trajectories of start-up process

Figure 5

Trajectories of simulated start-up processes

Figure 4

Start-up during a clear-sky day

Figure 3

Dynamic simulation model in Modelica/Dymola (plant layer)

Figure 2

General plant layout

Figure 1

Relation between energy state and temperatures at different locations

Figure 10

Net electricity output depending on choice of input (nominal simulations based on ψSU  = 1.5 and energies from Table 3)

Figure 8

Sorted frequency of aperture effective direct normal irradiance for the chosen year in Tabernas, Spain

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